If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file. Johns eldest brother was Henry of Monmouth who went on to become King Henry V after a dissolute youth causing his father Henry IV despair (refer to Shakespeare Henry IV Part One and Part Two for a full litany of drinking, gambling and womanising along with princely reformation). This left Humphrey at home. The Oxford Companion to British History. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. [citation needed], Several authoritative sources are cited by the. ." John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. As a mere girl she shouldnt have been wearing trousers and she certainly shouldnt have been leading French armies that thrashed English armies. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. Encyclopedia.com. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. The title of duke, derived from the latin dux, is the highest in the peerage and until 1448 was restricted to members of the royal family. The French felt there was a world of difference between a mature victorious king and a baby boy they perhaps had a point given the chaos that often resulted in England when a child was on the throne. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . Bedford's coat of arms in a manuscript containing the Livre Charny of Geoffroi de Charny and owned by the duke of Bedford (Bibliothque nationale de France, Ms Fr. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regentof Francefor his nephew Henry VI. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere. Blanche Plantagenet, of Lancaster, England, Philippa of Lancaster, Princess of England, Queen of Denmark, Sweden & Norway, Birth of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. [S20] Magna Carta Ancestry: A study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Richardson, Douglas, (Kimball G. Everingham, editor. The country was uniting behind their king and English allies in France were gradually deserting the English cause. John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. 2 p. 514, vol. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. When the French King was unable to raise an army, Jean spent his wealth to raise one for him. Much of the period of Henry VIs minority is filled with the political machinations of John and Humphrey who was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke. ", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Bedford, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93572472. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. 16567. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford or John of Lancaster (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) of the House of Lancaster An English nobleman of the House of Lancaster was the third son of Henry IV of England and Mary of Beauchamp, brother of Henry V of England and uncle of Henry VI of England. Her 4th child and second son, Anthony Woodville, 2nd Lord Rivers, financed and edited Caxtons printing of Chaucers Canterbury Tales. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. As Regent of France, Bedford had the huge responsibility of not only keeping and maintaining the territories that his brother had conquered, but expanding English interests in France. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. Humphrey Gloucester, duke of, 13911447, English nobleman; youngest son of Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, 20. About John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI." Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V. On 14 June 1423, at Troyes, he married Anne, daughter of John the Fearless. Reprint Paris: Editions du Palais Royal, 1967-1968), FHL book 944 D5a; FHL microfilms 532,231-532,239., vol. There was also the small matter of Humphrey antagonizing the next most important man in the kingdom during Henry VIs minority Henry Beaufort who was the Bishop of Lincoln, a key figure on the regency council and the half-uncle of Henry IVs children. Two months after the death of Henry V, Charles VI passed away. 2 p. 548. In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. Bedford defeated the French several times, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. He was forced to raise the siege of Orleans in 1429 on account of the peasant girl. His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. The Plantagenet family were moving ever closer to implosion. Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. 1389-1435. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. Henry V had relied upon John when he was away fighting to rule in his absence. Refresh and try again. Family History Department. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. Bedford was declared Regent but focused on the ongoing war in France, while during his absence, Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England. Husband of Anne de Burgundy and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers Bedford, of course, was held responsible by many of his peers for the losses in France. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. pp. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1999), FHL book 973 D2fp., p. 205 LANCASTER:10.iv. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. 25447, fol. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. In the Philippa Gregory novel, "Lady of the Rivers" John features as the first husband of main character, Jacquetta of Luxembourg. 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, 6. And he is famous, or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the stake for witchcraft. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. He was born in 1389. . Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. A daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry V of England and gave birth to his heir Henry VI of England.Catherine's marriage was part of a plan to eventually place Henry V on the throne of France, and perhaps end what is now known as the Hundred Years' War . The king renewed the Hundred Years War with France in 1415 and Bedford played a large part in the proceedings in support of his brother. Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. Unfortunately, he was left with such an impossible situation to deal with in France, but dealt with it to the best of his abilities. Original file (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belong to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. In 1988, Breton nationalists erected a statue in his honour on the site. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign of his nephew, Henry VI. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. 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