However, PFASs are not routinely monitored in drinking water in many parts of the world, including China. Impacts of water consumption on terrestrial ecosystems were taken from Pfister et al. - 159.89.227.84. Rosalie van Zelm], was originally published Online First without Open Access. We investigated the PTFE production capacity of different companies across China in 2018, and the corresponding PFOA concentrations in adjacent cities are summarized in Table1. All the data points are shown in Additional file 1: Table S6. Read about the new additions of the regional screening level tables, Strengthened Dust-Lead Clearance Levels to Protect Children from Lead Exposure, EPA announcesthe availability of the final report, Enhanced Aquifer Recharge of Stormwater in the United States: State of the Science Review. By using this website, you agree to our The widespread and increasing production have resulted in an increasing risk of PFAS environmental releases and associated ground- and surface water pollution, and finally drinking water contamination in China. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 1535. doi:10.1017/CBO9781107415324, Chapter https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.221, Bertanza G, Capoferri GU, Carmagnani M, Icarelli F, Sorlini S, Pedrazzani R (2020) Long-term investigation on the removal of perfluoroalkyl substances in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant in the Veneto Region, Italy. Jun Huang. Resources 5:112, Vieira MDM, Ponsioen T, Goedkoop M, Huijbregts MAJ (2016c) Fossil resource scarcity. Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL, 15.1. in [30]. [30], "MSDS" redirects here. The article [ReCiPe2016: a harmonised life cycle impact assessment method at midpoint and endpoint level], written by [Mark A. J. Huijbregts Zoran J. N. Steinmann Pieter M. F. Elshout Gea Stam Francesca Verones Marisa Vieira Michiel Zijp Anne Hollander Rosalie van Zelm], was originally published Online First without Open Access. Arch Toxicol 90(4):971983. SDS information may include instructions for the safe use and potential hazards associated with a particular material or product, along with spill-handling procedures. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. Article 23 These were defined as RQmean and RQmax. Not all exposure and damage pathways could, however, be modelled in ReCiPe2016. first suggested health advisory values of 85ng/L for PFOA and 47ng/L for PFOS in China based on analyzing the relationship between blood PFAS concentration and drinking water exposure [31]. For human health, noise is a potentially relevant impact category to be considered in a future update (see, e.g. Starting from the intake fraction, human effect and damage due to cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality of fine particulate matter were determined by Van Zelm et al. (2014). Despite their the global phaseout, of PFOS and especially PFOA are still the dominant PFAS species detected in tap water samples across China due to their continued use in China, extreme persistence and long-term release from groundwater reservoirs, and the possible contribution of precursors conversion over time [48, 49]. We have also made efforts to reveal the major contamination source, and suggest possible risk control measures and future research needs. In 2002, the first guideline was issued in the US state of West Virginia, which set a maximum level of 150,000ng/L PFOA in drinking water polluted by a DuPont facility; this was recently covered in a documentary film [23]. Int J Life Cycle Assess 18:12161230, De Schryver AM, Van Zelm R, Humbert S, Pfister S, McKone TE, Huijbregts MAJ (2011) Value choices in life cycle impact assessment of stressors causing human health damage. The available studies provided PFAS data from 526 drinking water samples across 66 cities in China with a total of approximately 452 million inhabitants. Rochman CM, Browne MA, Halpern BS, Hentschel BT, Hoh E, et al. [28] However, when new information becomes available, the SDS must be revised without delay. According to the sample distribution, East China (208 samples) and South China (104 samples) were most thoroughly investigated relative to Northeast China (52 samples) and Northwest China (23 samples). https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5194, Environmental Working Group (2018) Report: Up to 110 Million Americans Could Have PFAS-Contaminated Drinking Water - PFAS Tap Water Data Was Funded By Taxpayers But Kept Secret. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.004, Post GB, Louis JB, Cooper KR, Boros-Russo BJ, Lippincott RL (2009) Occurrence and Potential Significance of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Detected in New Jersey Public Drinking Water Systems. Location and population information of the studied cities. This relevant to the subsequent risk assessment of that substance, and is a requirement of some regulatory authorities. Chemosphere 77:605611. This is a collection of Safety Data Sheets of the most widely used chemicals. J Indus Ecol. [27], Many companies offer the service of collecting, or writing and revising, data sheets to ensure they are up to date and available for their subscribers or users. Articles 4 and 6 to 21 and point 5 of Annex II shall apply. Atmos Chem Phys 13:27932825, Jungbluth N, Frischknecht R (2010) Cumulative energy demand. 4. Please click here to see any active alerts. Springer, Dordrecht Chapter 1, Hayashi K, Nakagawa A, Itsubo N, Inaba A (2006) Expanded damage function of stratospheric ozone depletion to cover major endpoints regarding life cycle impact assessment. Michiel Zijp . Environ Sci Technol 47:1356513570, Azevedo LB, van Zelm R, Elshout PMF, Hendriks AJ, Leuven RSEW, Struijs J, de Zwart D, Huijbregts MAJ (2013c) Species richnessphosphorus relationships for lakes and streams worldwide. Environ Sci Technol 49:35843592, Vieira MDM, Ponsioen TC, Goedkoop M, Huijbregts MAJ (2016a) Surplus ore potential as a scarcity indicator for resource extraction. [26], In 2012, the US adopted the 16 section Safety Data Sheet to replace Material Safety Data Sheets. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. The authors declare no competing financial interest. For terrestrial ecosystems, the increase in potentially disappeared fraction of species (PDF) due to an increase in global temperature was derived from the review by Urban (2015). 85 of 1993)", "National Road Traffic Act, 1996 (Act No. There is also a duty to properly label substances on the basis of physico-chemical, health, or environmental risk. The highest and lowest concentrations were founded in Zigong and Atushi city, respectively. In: Huijbregts MAJ, Steinmann ZJN, Elshout PMF, Stam G, Verones F, Vieira MDM, Van Zelm R (eds) ReCiPe2016. absence of data usually needed for the application of one of the established risk assessment methods, i.e. 2013a). However, increasingly stricter standards have recently been established in other countries. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf2007216, Duan XL et al (2013) Exposure factors handbook of Chinese population [M]. Many pages on this website have been translated using automatic translation. Given that certain PFASs, in particular PFOS and its precursors, have been gradually phased out in North America and Europe since 2002, some Asian countries, especially China, have possibly become the main manufacturers of PFOS and PFOA [27, 28]. The mid-to-endpoint modelling for land use does not add further steps to the cause-impact pathway, as the midpoint characterisation factors already refer to local species loss. For the video game, see. Sci Total Environ 712:136485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136485, Zhang T, Sun H, Lin Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Liu Y et al (2011) Perfluorinated compounds in human blood, water, edible freshwater fish, and seafood in China: daily intake and regional differences in human exposures. (2009) was used to quantify the increase in risk of diseases (malnutrition, malaria, and diarrhoea) and increased flood risk. Environ Sci Technol Lett 3:344350. This highlights that the human exposure via drinking water daily intake in highly contaminated regions such as Zigong, Lianyungang and Jiujiang is excessive considering these science-based tolerable intake values, with a particular high risk for infants. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. As shown in Fig. A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Particularly for the global models related to fine particulate matter formation and photochemical ozone formation, a higher spatial resolution at the global scale and with a closer spatial connection between fate, exposure and effects can further improve the reliability of LCIA (see, e.g. Environ Int 123:8795. The site is secure. Environ Pollu 159:11671173. An assessment of the method of administration, the effects of the substance on the animal, and the amount of handling and restraint required should all be considered. New and legacy chemicals continue to be released into Europes environment, adding to the total chemical burden on Europes citizens and Moreover, better monitoring of PFASs in drinking water is needed in remote areas, to provide a full overview of PFAS contamination in Chinese drinking water [64]. 2014). A safety data sheet (SDS), material safety data sheet (MSDS), or product safety data sheet (PSDS) is a document that lists information relating to occupational safety and health for the use of various substances and products.SDSs are a widely used system for cataloguing information on chemicals, chemical compounds, and chemical mixtures.SDS information may include In the mid-to-endpoint calculations, the human health effect of the collective dose on the incidence of different cancer types was assessed by first taking the fatal and non-fatal cancer incidence per cancer type from Frischknecht et al. It should be noted that the TDImax in Zigong city ranged from 822.9 to 2975.1ng/kg/day for different age groups, exceeding the tolerable daily intake value issued by ATSDR 274.3 times and 991.7 times, respectively. Although significant effort has been put into the development of ReCiPe2016, there is still major improvement potential in the way impact pathways are modelled. 2015). doi:10.1029/2009GB003576, Article 93 of 1996)", "Standards Act, 2008 (Act No. Int J Life Cycle Assess 13:532546, Rosenbaum R, Meijer A, Demou E, Hellweg S, Jolliet O, Lam N, Margni M, McKone TEM (2015) Indoor air paper.
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