[467], The roots of organized sports in Canada date back to the 1770s,[468] culminating in the development and popularization of the major professional games of ice hockey, lacrosse, curling, basketball, baseball, association football and Canadian football. [58] It re-established the French language, Catholic faith, and French civil law there, staving off the growth of an independence movement in contrast to the Thirteen Colonies. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. [326][327] The Commonwealth Fund's 2021 report comparing the healthcare systems of the 11 most developed countries ranked Canada second-to-last. Stanley Park. These included the explosion of Air India Flight 182 in 1985, the largest mass murder in Canadian history;[112] the cole Polytechnique massacre in 1989, a university shooting targeting female students;[113] and the Oka Crisis of 1990,[114] the first of a number of violent confrontations between the government and Indigenous groups. [280] Canada was ranked 15th in the Global Innovation Index in 2022. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. Chris Bolin/The Globe and Mail. The United States and Canada traded goods and services of $680 billion in 2017 more than $1.8 billion per day. WebCanada is a country to the north of the United States. Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital stock, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. [275], In 2019, Canada spent approximately $40.3billion on domestic research and development, of which over $7billion was provided by the federal and provincial governments. [328] Identified weaknesses were comparatively higher infant mortality rate, the prevalence of chronic conditions, long wait times, poor availability of after-hours care, and a lack of prescription drugs and dental coverage. [49] Among the colonists of New France, Canadiens extensively settled the Saint Lawrence River valley and Acadians settled the present-day Maritimes, while fur traders and Catholic missionaries explored the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana. A house was sold without the owners' consent. [293] Canada is a participant in the International Space Station (ISS), and is a pioneer in space robotics, having constructed the Canadarm, Canadarm2 and Dextre robotic manipulators for the ISS and NASA's Space Shuttle. Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). After a tumultuous first two seasons on the job, Matt Canada will return as the Pittsburgh Steelers' offensive coordinator in 2023, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Canada is bordered by non-contiguous US state of Alaska in the northwest and by 12 other US states in the south. [403] As a whole, Canada is in theory a cultural mosaic of regional ethnic subcultures. Citizens have the right, where there is sufficient demand, to receive federal government services in either English or French and official-language minorities are guaranteed their own schools in all provinces and territories. Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. [141] These ecozones encompass over 80,000 classified species of Canadian wildlife, with an equal number yet to be formally recognized or discovered. [360] The 2021 census indicated that 8.3million people, or almost one-quarter (23.0percent) of the population, reported themselves as being or having been a landed immigrant or permanent resident in Canadaabove the 1921 census previous record of 22.3percent. [88], The Great Depression in Canada during the early 1930s saw an economic downturn, leading to hardship across the country. [42] No further European exploration occurred until 1497, when Italian seafarer John Cabot explored and claimed Canada's Atlantic coast in the name of King Henry VII of England. Although the Constitution of Canada refers to God and the monarch carries the title of "Defender of the Faith", Canada has no official church, and the government is officially committed to religious pluralism. [44] The early 16th century saw European mariners with navigational techniques pioneered by the Basque and Portuguese establish seasonal whaling and fishing outposts along the Atlantic coast. [461] The Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences presents Canada's music industry awards, the Juno Awards, which were first awarded in 1970. [42] French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent year-round European settlements at Port Royal (in 1605) and Quebec City (in 1608). One of North Americas largest urban green spaces, Stanley Park is revered for its dramatic forest-and-mountain oceanfront views. [442] In addition to the CBC, some provincial governments offer their own public educational TV broadcast services as well, such as TVOntario and Tl-Qubec. [37] These attempts reached a climax in the late 19th and early 20th centuries with forced integration and relocations. [416] Modern symbols emphasize the country's geography, cold climate, lifestyles and the Canadianization of traditional European and Indigenous symbols. [150] Canada's first National Park, Banff National Park established in 1885, spans 6,641 square kilometres (2,564sqmi)[151] of mountainous terrain, with many glaciers and ice fields, dense coniferous forest, and alpine landscapes. [89] In response to the downturn, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in Saskatchewan introduced many elements of a welfare state (as pioneered by Tommy Douglas) in the 1940s and 1950s. 49,871. Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital stock, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. Everyone has the following fundamental freedoms: The practice of religion is generally considered a private matter throughout society and the state. [367] New Brunswick, the only officially bilingual province, has a French-speaking Acadian minority constituting 33 percent of the population. The territories being creatures of the federal government, changes to their role and division of powers may be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. In my time at Caada College, I had the amazing opportunity to grow as a leader. [132][133] There are also fresh-water glaciers in the Canadian Rockies, the Coast Mountains and the Arctic Cordillera. To register, contact media@hrsdc-rhdcc.gc.ca with your name and media outlet before 10:00 a.m. EST on Thursday, January 19, 2023.Please indicate if attendance will be in-person or virtual. [424], Canadian literature is often divided into French- and English-language literatures, which are rooted in the literary traditions of France and Britain, respectively. [440], Canadian mass media, both print and digital and in both official languages, is largely dominated by a "handful of corporations". Of all Canadas top sights, Banff National Park justifiably ranks as many peoples number one. [430] By the 1990s, Canadian literature was viewed as some of the world's best. [410][411], Historically, Canada has been influenced by British, French, and Indigenous cultures and traditions. [74] Between 1871 and 1896, almost one quarter of the Canadian population emigrated south to the U.S.[75], To open the West and encourage European immigration, Parliament approved sponsoring the construction of three transcontinental railways (including the Canadian Pacific Railway), opening the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and establishing the North-West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory. [452] Since the 1950s, works of Inuit art have been given as gifts to foreign dignitaries by the Canadian government. [139] The rate of warming has been higher across the North and in the Prairies. [449] The nature of Canadian art reflects these diverse origins, as artists have taken their traditions and adapted these influences to reflect the reality of their lives in Canada. Provincial and territorial case numbers. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. [398][399] The official state policy of multiculturalism is often cited as one of Canada's significant accomplishments,[400] and a key distinguishing element of Canadian identity. [70][71] Canada assumed control of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to form the Northwest Territories, where the Mtis' grievances ignited the Red River Rebellion and the creation of the province of Manitoba in July 1870. [211] Various treaties and case laws were established to mediate relations between Europeans and many Indigenous peoples. Learn about Canadas response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. [258] The country's average household disposable income per capita is "well above" the OECD average. A house was sold without the owners' consent. [361] In 2021, India, China, and the Philippines were the top three countries of origin for immigrants moving to Canada. The minister of finance and minister of innovation, science and industry use the Statistics Canada agency for financial planning and economic policy development. [376], Canada is religiously diverse, encompassing a wide range of beliefs and customs. [395][396][397] Canada has placed emphasis on equality and inclusiveness for all its people. Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec allow for both English and French to be spoken in the provincial legislatures, and laws are enacted in both languages. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. ", "Consolidated federal laws of canada, THE CONSTITUTION ACTS, 1867 to 1982", "Religion by visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts", "The Daily 2011 National Household Survey: Immigration, place of birth, citizenship, ethnic origin, visible minorities, language and religion", Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, "Sikh Community Profile Infographic English", "A literature review of Public Opinion Research on Canadian attitudes towards multiculturalism and immigration, 20062009", "The mother beaver Collection Profiles", "Canada in the Making: Pioneers and Immigrants", "Maple Leaf Tartan becomes official symbol", Disruption: Change and churning in Canada's media landscape, "Freedom of expression and media freedom", "Putting a spotlight on Canada's Artistic Heritage", "Canadian sport participation Most frequently played sports in Canada (2010)", "Why Toronto should get excited about the Pan Am Games", "World Cup 2026: Canada, US & Mexico joint bid wins right to host tournament", Canadiana: The National Bibliography of Canada, Official website of the Government of Canada, Official website of the Governor General of Canada, Official website of the Prime Ministers of Canada, Canada's official website for travel and tourism, International Council for Canadian Studies, World Wars and Interwar Years (19141945), Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Commonwealth Secretariat Member Countries, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canada&oldid=1134353852, English-speaking countries and territories, Former British colonies and protectorates in the Americas, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1867, Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2018, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Canadian English, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles containing Laurentian-language text, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 07:44. [68] The Anglo-Russian Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1825) established the border along the Pacific coast, but, even after the US Alaska Purchase of 1867, disputes continued about the exact demarcation of the AlaskaYukon and AlaskaBC border. Canada is a country to the north of the United States. [215], Canada is recognized as a middle power for its role in international affairs with a tendency to pursue multilateral solutions. Through their language, art and music, Indigenous peoples continue to influence the Canadian identity. [474] Canadian teams in these leagues include seven franchises in the National Hockey League, as well as three Major League Soccer teams and one team in each of Major League Baseball and the National Basketball Association. [222] Canada acceded to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in 1976. 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